If exceptional in other areas, could have eight of the following at least three must be 116 or less in size and the remaining must be must be 18 in size or less, small spine stress, slight corner blunting, miniscule tear. Foxing definition and meaning collins english dictionary. Only when these impurities exist in the paper, given exposure to the right humidity and temperature factors, will foxing occur. History formation, the albatross, dealer and nearer my god 2011present foxing. Very fine vf back to top general wear, tears, creases, folds, color flaking, water stains, foxing, etc. You are likely to encounter alternative definitions of some of these terms in the conservation literature as. Analysis of paper foxing by newly available omics techniques. Theyre caused by growth of fungi or mildew, usually because the book has been. The elements of this content share a common structure, and each element appears in a similar location in every book. A rare book dealer would have used spotting or foxing to describe stains and discolourations on the pages. Some collectors use the term foxing for all discoloration, but. If the book is foxed on one side only make sure the book is in contact with that side. Some collectors use the term foxing for all discoloration, but others find the terms tanning or toning useful. Foxing refers to the brown splotches, specks, and patches you often see in antiquarian books, especially those from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
Mold and mildew forms on paper, including books and wallpaper, when they are exposed to damp conditions for several months or years. The best way to prevent initial or further foxing on your rare books is to store them properly. These examples have been automatically selected and may contain sensitive content. Foxing definition, material used to cover the upper portion of a shoe. There are many different types of e book files and some can be read only with a specific ereader amazons kindle etc while others can be read on any computer, personal digital assistant or ereader. The glossary that follows contains some of the most common technical words used in the literature of library preservation, and the way they are used in this program.
Foxing appears as brown, yellow, or red stains on the paper, often in. Apr 01, 20 10 terms to describe the anatomy of a book. Foxing article about foxing by the free dictionary. Globe and mail 2004 that is responsible for those little brown spots, known as foxing, found in many old books.
What does speckled mean in book terms encyclopedia. The name may derive from the fox like reddishbrown color of the stains, or the rust chemical ferric oxide which may be involved. It may be easier to define what foxing stains as identified by most. Search the glossary of book terms to unravel the puzzling language you may have found in the description of your book. Moulds feed on the paper itself, as well as any dirt or organic material on it, for example, finger marks, food stains and squashed insects. It is most likely caused by lack of ventilation andor chemical reactions between the paper and microorganisms. Rare and antiquarian book dealers often painstakingly describe a books condition because its such an important aspect of the books value. Before you open the bag, wipe it off with a dry dishtowel or paper towels. The parts of a book and the elements of content the balance. Abaa glossary of book terms foxing antiquarian booksellers. Theyre caused by growth of fungi or mildew, usually because the book has been exposed to excessive moisture or humidity. How to prevent and reverse foxing in rare books in 2019. The band has released three studio albums and an ep, as well as a pair of splits and a single. Book plate an ownership label, usually placed inside front cover.
Hopefully, our glossary will help you unravel some of the jargon used by book collectors and book sellers. Change your default dictionary to american english. Viscometric determination of dialdehyde content in periodate oxycellulose part ii. How to distinguish between mold and acceptable foxing. Another theory is that foxing is caused by the effect on certain papers of the oxidation of iron, copper, or other substances in the pulp or rag from which the paper was made. Contents plural the contents of a book is the list of chapters or articles or parts. Preventative restoration, widely used and accepted by collectors, consists of nonadditive restoration on a book with one or two major defects. Content definition at, a free online dictionary with pronunciation, synonyms and translation. Two main causes are mould and iron contaminants in the paper. Found from the n united states to n south america, this fox is slightly larger, on the average, than the north american red fox. May 21, 2014 book conservation ghosting and sunning and foxing, oh my. A foxed book cannot have the fox marks removed, and such a book should be. Any of various carnivorous mammals of the family canidae and especially of the genus vulpes, found worldwide and.
If you do discover a mold growth on a book or have purchased a. A conservator may be able to minimize foxing stains by bleaching the paper then deacidifying afterwards, however there is no guarantee that this will eliminate the foxing altogether and there is risk that this treatment can alter the tonal qualities of some pigments. Only when these impurities exist in the paper, given exposure to the right humidity and temperature. While modern paper production methods largely eliminate foxing, advice to minimize foxing usually involves keeping the books or paper away from humidity. Library preservation glossary national library of australia. We provide and cite an extensive list of authoritative references about foxing.
The reason for foxing in a particular book is often difficult to discern. The contents of a book is the list of chapters or articles or parts that are in the book, with the number of the page they begin on. Several months ago someone suggested some kind of paint pad or sponge or something that could be bought in the paint department at lowes or home depot to help lighten or remove the foxing and soiling from the closed page edges of books. Many have become collectible due to the designer or owner. Content can also mean the amount of a particular substance contained in something. When you remove it from the freezer, place the stillsealed bag on a cooling rack and wait until the book is at ambient temperature. Definition of foxing from the collins english dictionary. Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, or visit the webmasters page for free fun content. Never seen foxing in a modern post 1940s book which uses archival acidfree paper though, only in paper backs. Removing foxing from paper, both in books and wallpaper, is possible, and doing so can restore the original appearance without causing further damage. Depending on the moisture content of a book, for example, it would be. Foxing is an agerelated process of deterioration that causes spots and browning on old paper documents such as books, postage stamps and certificates. What can help remove foxing or dust soiling from edges of.
Moore, margaret forests of the night she found it satisfying to look for signs of foxing, the browning of a book s pages. Several of the steel engravings hung on the lefthand wall were spoilt by foxing. This is the word for the yellowishbrown discolorations you sometimes see on the pages of old books. Removal of the tape improves the value and appearance of the book. English grammar today a reference to written and spoken english grammar and usage cambridge dictionary. Moulds feed on the paper itself, as well as any dirt or organic material on it, for example, finger marks, food. Nowadays, a book may be published traditionally or selfpublished or not even published in print at all. Foxing is very common in antique books due to the paper used and can certainly be found in contemporary books as well. The smallest fox and an excellent burrower, it has enormous ears and a fluffy pale cream coat. The term foxing describes disfiguring small yellow brown spots or blotches on paper.
If, over time, the discoloration continues, its definitely foxing. The term refers to ferrous oxide, or iron, that becomes attracted to paper and leads to the unwanted discoloration. Looking for help understanding commonly used book collecting terminology, or abbreviations and references used in book sellers descriptions. Its rare to find a book from the eighteenth or nineteenth. Contents of the book urantia book urantia foundation. As i understand it, there was a big shift downwards in paper quality during that period, without much understanding of why foxing occurred. Foxed foxing brown spotting of the paper caused by a chemical reaction, generally found in 19th century books, particularly in steel engravings of the period. Text block pages containing the content of a book text, illustrations, etc. Some of the terminology used in book collecting can be arcane, indeed. Book conservation ghosting and sunning and foxing, oh my. Speckled could describe the design on the flyleaf and endpapers of an old, hardcover book the thicker paper lining the inside cover and the pages that lie next to it papermakers would be creative. I mean, i have a dehumidifier and it helps, but bad paper is bad paper.
The gray fox, urocyon cinereoargenteus, is a new world species. A book conservatorarchivist can sometimes remove foxing. Foxing is the name for the splotches, spots, and specks you often see on older books. The literature presents several techniques to investigate the foxing documents. There are many different types of e book files and some can be read only with a specific ereader amazons kindle etc while others can be read on any computer. Heres the sentence i want to fit it in any resemblance with the content of in the book is purely intentional. This abbreviated glossary covers only the most commonly encountered terms. Conservation of paper documents damaged by foxing 121 done only through a series scientific investigation. Content can also mean the amount of a particular substance contained in. Our photograph of book foxing illustrates foxing stains on the page edges of the. Rating books with foxing, agetoning or tanning help for. However, the copper content of these areas was not significantly different.
Jul 17, 2017 mold and mildew forms on paper, including books and wallpaper, when they are exposed to damp conditions for several months or years. The iron content of foxing spots and clear paper areas in the books showed a significant difference. It s rare to find a book from the eighteenth or nineteenth century that doesn t show signs of foxing, and some modern books may also be foxed. One theory is that foxing is caused by a fungal growth on the paper.
My book is being featured tomorrow at the fussy librarian, a new website that offers ebook recommendations based off of categories you choose and content preferences for sexlanguageviolence. Information and translations of foxing in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Nov 17, 2019 nowadays, a book may be published traditionally or selfpublished or not even published in print at all. This is a lovely little free e book from leo babauta, the creator of zen habits and one of my favourite simplicitymindfulness bloggers. Paper materials should be kept in a cool, dry, clean room with minimal exposure to light. Tipped in paper, photograph, or print glued down by only a narrow strip. Content definition is something contained usually used in plural. To restore a lithograph print, use caution and a delicate touch using this traditional bleaching method to spot. If there is some sign of foxing on the test book it should be examined carefully and with magnification to see if it shares characteristics with the original foxed book. But most book content is arranged in a traditional, prescribed manner. Mold and spores are always active, all they require are the proper conditions in order to grow. The name may derive from the fox like reddishbrown color of the stains, 1 or the rust chemical ferric oxide which may be involved.
Foxing refers to the brown splotches, specks, and patches you often see in antiquarian books, especially those from the eighteenth and. The name may derive from the foxlike reddishbrown color of the stains, or the rust chemical ferric oxide which may be involved. There may be exceptions to some of our definitions our main concern is to provide you with general concepts relative to commonly used book jargon. Removing foxing stains on books, papers, photographs. Foxing is a descriptive term for scattered spots commonly reddishbrown in color, but also applied to spots of other coloration ranging from yellow to black.
Content verb definition and synonyms macmillan dictionary. Avoid environments where temperature and humidity can fluctuate, such as basements, attics, areas near radiators and vents, and areas prone to flooding. Foxing, a term referring to the brown blotches appearing on a print, results from airborne microorganisms, humidity and the presence of metals and fungi. The term foxing is derived from the rusty red color of reynard the fox and its use was first noted in 1848 meynell and newsam 1979, 567. The urantia book contents of the book page foreword1 i. Foxing is a term describing the agerelated spots and browning seen on vintage paper documents such as books, postage stamps, certificates, and so forth. Foxing has been variously attributed to a microorganism, iron particles in the paper, a high acid content in the paper, or a fungus reacting to metallic residue or other conditions of the paper.
Wherever possible, an attempt has been made to describe these words in nontechnical, more easily understood terms. If youre new to the world of book collecting, youve undoubtedly encountered plenty of jargon already. Foxing definition of foxing by the free dictionary. I struggle with contentment in various areas of my life, particularly fomo fear of missing out, and babautas book has given me some great insights into how to deal with various levels of discontent, including many mini mindfulness exercises. Ioba book terminology independent online booksellers. Short for electronic book, this is a computer file that contains the entire text of a book. Every teachers guide to content area reading by harvey daniels, you must be this tall by steven weinberg. Definition and synonyms of content from the online english dictionary from macmillan education.
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